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本文中采用飞秒激光在PC开关面板制备微纳复合结构,实现超疏水性。实验中使用的材料为聚碳酸酯PC面板。激光器为飞秒激光器(Light Conversion,PHAROS),波长为515nm,脉宽为290fs,重复频率为1kHz,光斑直径为30μm。激光能量使用激光能量衰减器控制。材料的烧蚀阈值是刚好造成材料烧蚀的能量,与激光器和材料有关。本实验用不同的单脉冲能量在材料上直写光斑分离的直线,可获得不同的光斑图像,通过测量不同光斑的直径D,根据下式[21]:
$ D^2=2 w_0{ }^2\left(\ln E-\ln E_{\mathrm{th}}\right) $
(1) 式中,D为光斑直径,w0为光束束腰半径,E为实际加工的激光能量,Eth为材料烧蚀的单脉冲能量阈值。代入单脉冲能量,通过线性拟合,可以求得束腰半径w0与材料烧蚀的单脉冲能量阈值Eth,再根据下式[21]可求得造成材料烧蚀的能流密度阈值Fth,即烧蚀阈值:
$ F_{\mathrm{th}}=\frac{2 E_{\mathrm{th}}}{{\rm{ \mathsf{ π} }} w_0^2} $
(2) -
采用激光刻蚀法设计微米图案阵列为联通的单道沟槽,是利用光热效应在样品表面加工出微纳米级粗糙结构的方法,实验研究了飞秒单脉冲激光能量E分别为0.5Eth,1Eth,2Eth,即0.8μJ,1.6μJ,3.2μJ、扫描速度率为50mm/s~1600mm/s时,对微纳结构表面形貌及疏水特性的影响,实验方案如表 1所示。根据不同的激光参数设置对PC面板材料进行表面微纳结构的制备。
Table 1. Laser processing scheme
pulse energy
E/μJscanning speed v/(mm·s-1) 0.8 50 100 200 400 800 1600 1.6 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3.2 50 100 200 400 800 1600 采用光学显微镜(Soptop CX40M)和扫描电子显微镜(Thermoscientific Apreo S)对微纳结构形貌进行观测,建立工艺与形貌的对应关系。经过工艺优化后,采用飞秒激光在PC材料面板表面制备出微米级单道沟槽的粗糙结构,并且在激光的诱导下在微米级沟槽表面原位生长出纳米颗粒。
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为了研究上述飞秒激光表面微纳结构处理后的PC面板材料的性能,对PC面板材料的侵润性、接触角与表面形貌的关系以及所制备的微纳粗糙超疏水结构的稳定性进行测试表征。
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采用液体对固体的浸润性仪器——接触角测量仪(Kruss DSA100E)对飞秒激光加工过的PC面板材料进行浸润性测试,通常通过对接触角的测试进行表征,接触角是显示固体表面湿度的尺度,利用大部门固着物液进行测定,通过液-固-气结合点中水珠曲线的终点和固体表面的接触点测定出来。
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为了验证飞秒激光所制备的超疏水结构的稳定性,对所制备的超疏水PC面板样件取样件分别标记,采用水浴超声仪器进行超声清洗5min,采用气枪对样板进行吹气,干燥后对超声清洗前后的形貌和接触角进行对比分析。
开关面板微纳结构的激光制备及超疏水性研究
Laser direct fabrication of micro/nano structure on switch panel and its superhydrophobic performance
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摘要: 为了解决厨房用开关面板抗油污沉积的问题, 采用飞秒激光在开关面板表面制备出微纳米复合结构表面, 实现了超疏水性, 进而减少油污沉积附着, 研究了聚碳酸酯(PC)开关面板的激光烧蚀阈值、不同激光工艺参数和微纳结构对表面浸润性的影响。结果表明, PC开关面板在515nm波段下的烧蚀阈值为1.66μJ; 当激光能量为1.6μJ、扫描速率为200mm/s、搭接率为1/3线宽时, 其表面液滴接触角为161°, 表现出超疏水特性。经激光表面处理后的PC面板具有超疏水性, 可实现表面的自清洁作用, 显示出巨大的市场潜力。Abstract: To solve the anti-oil deposition problem of switch panel, femtosecond laser was used to prepare micro/nano composite surface of the switch panel. And superhydrophobicity can be achieved, and then the adhesion of oil deposition can be reduced. In this paper, the laser ablation threshold, micro-nano structure design, and the influence of different laser process parameters and micro-nano structure on the surface wettability of polycarbonate (PC) switch panel were studied. The experimental results show that the ablation threshold of PC switch panel is 1.66μJ at 515nm. When the laser energy is 1.6μJ, the scanning speed is 200mm/s, and the overlapping ratio is 1/3 of the line width, the droplet contact angle is 161°, the superhydrophobicity is observed. PC panel with superhydro-phobicity can achieve surface self-cleaning effect, showing a huge market potential.
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Table 1. Laser processing scheme
pulse energy
E/μJscanning speed v/(mm·s-1) 0.8 50 100 200 400 800 1600 1.6 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3.2 50 100 200 400 800 1600 -
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