激光加工碳纤维增强复合材料研究进展
Research advancement on laser processing carbon fiber reinforced plastics
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摘要: 碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)因其优异的性能,在航空航天、国防等领域有着广阔的应用前景。为了掌握激光加工CFRP的去除机理,研发出高效率、低损伤加工该材料的方法,归纳整理了激光加工CFRP去除机理的研究成果,并从激光特性、工艺参量、气液辅助、材料特性4个方面出发,介绍了国内外激光加工CFRP的研究进展,总结了影响激光加工CFRP质量的因素,并给出了提高加工质量方法的建议, 最后对激光加工CFRP的发展趋势进行了展望。Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) has broad application prospects in aerospace, national defense, and other fields due to its excellent performance. In order to master the removal mechanism of laser processing CFRP, and to developed a high efficiency, low damage processing method of the material, the researches of the removal mechanism of CFRP by laser processing were reviewed. The progress of laser processing CFRP materials at domestic and abroad was introduced from the aspects of laser characteristics, process parameters, gas-liquid assistance and material properties. The factors affecting the quality of laser processing CFRP were summarized. Some suggestions to improving the processing quality were proposed. Finally, the development trend of laser processing CFRP was prospected.
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图 1 红外和紫外激光加工CFRP机理[16]
图 2 尼龙PA6、聚醚醚酮、聚苯硫酸和环氧树脂的吸收光谱[21]
图 3 红外激光和紫外激光加工热影响区对比[16]
图 5 各切割质量因素定义[36]
图 6 不同混合气体比例下加工形貌图[48]
图 7 不同水射流流速时的热影响区[52]
图 8 水射流引导激光加工原理[54]
图 9 横截面显微图[55]
a—水射流引导激光 b—激光束加工
图 10 加工过程[56]
a—加工过程的开始 b~e—在加工过程中的4个时刻 f—加工过程的结束
图 11 孔截面尺寸误差[15]
a—单束工艺 b—DBOD工艺
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