-
使用TC4板材,尺寸为90mm×50mm×2mm,熔覆Fe60粉末和陶瓷粉末TiO2规格分别为150目~270目、200nm~500nm。TC4板材、Fe60和TiO2粉末质量成分含量如表 1、表 2和表 3所示。
Table 1. Composition of titanium alloy(mass fraction)
type Fe C N H O Al V Ti TC4 ≤0.0030 ≤0.0010 ≤0.0005 ≤0.00015 ≤0.0020 0.055~0.068 0.035~0.045 balance Table 2. Chemical composition of Fe60 powder(mass fraction)
type C Si B Cr Ni Fe Fe60 0.008~0.012 0.010~0.020 0.038~0.042 0.16~0.18 0.090~0.12 balance Table 3. Chemical composition of TiO2 powder(mass fraction)
type Fe Al Ca Mg Cu Mn Co Ni Si Ni K Ti TiO2 0.000005 0.00001 0.00005 0.00003 0.00001 0.00003 0.00001 0.000002 0.000003 0.000002 0.00001 balance -
实验设备(如图 1所示)采用XL-F2000W光纤激光熔覆系统,送粉方式为预置法,铺粉厚度约1mm。熔覆前选用800目、1200目两种不同粒度的砂纸依次打磨基体表面,然后用无水乙醇清洗并烘干,去除表面的杂质。
为了研究不同工艺参数对多道试样减磨性和硬度的影响,针对不同功率、TiO2粉末含量等工艺参数进行实验;通过前期做了TC4合金单道熔覆试验的相关探究,发现激光功率400W、扫描速率10mm/s、粉末含量5%、离焦量+5mm时,熔覆层表面较好且基体和熔覆层成形良好。因此在进行多道熔覆时,激光功率采用300W~500W,扫描速率10mm/s,离焦量+5mm,多道搭接率45%。采用多组实验进一步探究最优工艺参数,实验方案如表 4所示。图 2所示为激光加工示意图。
Table 4. Multiple groups of experimental tables
number 1# 2# 3# 4# 5# 6# 7# 8# 9# power/W 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500 mass fraction of TiO2 0 0.05 0.1 0 0.05 0.1 0 0.05 0.1
TC4表面激光熔覆Fe60-TiO2涂层性能研究
Study on the properties of laser cladding Fe60-TiO2 coating on TC4 surface
-
摘要: 为了提高TC4合金表面的硬度和减磨性、优化工艺参数, 采用多组工艺参数(不同功率、不同TiO2粉末含量)在TC4板表面制备不同比例的Fe60-TiO2复合涂层, 分析了熔覆层宏观形貌、表面维氏硬度和减磨性。结果表明, 当激光功率为500W、TiO2质量分数为0.10时, 熔覆层表面较平整; 通过X射线衍射分析熔覆层生成较多Ti化合物, 这些Ti化合物对提高熔覆层硬度和减磨性非常有利; 熔覆层硬度比基体提高了约2.5倍; 摩擦系数较基体相比有所降低, 熔覆层的平均摩擦系数约为0.46。此研究结果对TC4钛合金表面熔覆Fe基复合涂层的硬度和减磨性工艺参数有一定指导作用。Abstract: In order to improve the surface hardness and wear reduction of TC4 alloy, Fe60-TiO2 composite coatings with different proportions were prepared on the surface of TC4 plate by using several groups of process parameters (different power and different TiO2 powder content). The macroscopic morphology, surface Vickers hardness, and wear reduction property of the cladding layer were analyzed. The results show that when the laser power is 500W and the mass fraction of TiO2 is 0.10, the surface of the cladding layer is smooth. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, many Ti compounds are formed in the cladding layer, which is very beneficial to improve the hardness and wear reduction of the cladding layer. The hardness of the cladding layer is about 2.5 times higher than that of the substrate. The average friction coefficient of the cladding layer is about 0.46. The results have a certain guiding effect on the hardness and wear reduction process parameters of Fe based composite coating on TC4 titanium alloy surface.
-
Key words:
- laser technique /
- antifriction sex /
- hardness /
- TC4 titanium alloy
-
Figure 3. Microscopic appearance (25×, Fig. 3a~Fig. 3i are in order 1#~9# in Table 3)
Table 1. Composition of titanium alloy(mass fraction)
type Fe C N H O Al V Ti TC4 ≤0.0030 ≤0.0010 ≤0.0005 ≤0.00015 ≤0.0020 0.055~0.068 0.035~0.045 balance Table 2. Chemical composition of Fe60 powder(mass fraction)
type C Si B Cr Ni Fe Fe60 0.008~0.012 0.010~0.020 0.038~0.042 0.16~0.18 0.090~0.12 balance Table 3. Chemical composition of TiO2 powder(mass fraction)
type Fe Al Ca Mg Cu Mn Co Ni Si Ni K Ti TiO2 0.000005 0.00001 0.00005 0.00003 0.00001 0.00003 0.00001 0.000002 0.000003 0.000002 0.00001 balance Table 4. Multiple groups of experimental tables
number 1# 2# 3# 4# 5# 6# 7# 8# 9# power/W 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500 mass fraction of TiO2 0 0.05 0.1 0 0.05 0.1 0 0.05 0.1 -
[1] QIN Y, YAN H, GAO Q Sh, et al. Microstructure and wear resistance of in-situ synthesized Ti3SiC2/Ni-based coating by laser cladding on titanium alloy[J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering, 2019, 9(4): 34-40(in Chinese). [2] HE B F. Properties of laser cladding NiCrAl+TiC composite coatings on TC4 titanium alloy[J]. Heat Treatment Of Metals, 2019, 44(9): 69-73(in Chinese). [3] ZHAO X X, XIAO H Q, YOU Ch Ch, et al. Process and microstructure properties of laser cladding TiAl alloy coating on TC4 surface[J]. Laser Technology, 2021, 45(6): 697-702(in Chinese). [4] ZHANG L T, LIU D X, ZHANG W Q, et al. Research progress of laser cladding coating on titanium alloy surface[J]. Surface Technology, 2020, 49(8): 97-104(in Chinese). [5] LIU K, YAN H, ZHANG P, et al. Wear behaviors of TiN/WS2+ hBN/NiCrBSi self-lubricating composite coatings on TC4 alloy by laser cladding[J]. Coatings, 2020, 10(8): 747. doi: 10.3390/coatings10080747 [6] GAO Y, LIU R, WU T, et al. Microstructure and wear resistance of laser clad TiAlSi +xB4C coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2021, 46(2): 196-200(in Chinese). [7] OLOFSSON U, LYU Y, ÅSTRÖM A H, et al. Laser cladding treatment for refurbishing disc Brake rotors: Environmental and tribological analysis[J]. Tribology Letters, 2021, 69(2): 1-11. [8] WU G G, WANG X G, ZENG X, et al. Microstructure and properties of laser clad AlCoCrFeNiTi 0.5 high-entropy alloy coating on TC4 surface[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(12): 1-5(in Chin-ese). [9] ZHANG Z Q, YANG F, ZHANG T G, et al. Research progress of laser cladding titanium carbide reinforced titanium-based composite coating[J]. Surface Technology, 2020, 49(10): 138-151(in Chin-ese). [10] LIU Zh P, WU W X, LI Sh, et al. Research on microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-base alloy coating[J]. Mechanical Engineer, 2021(4): 18-19(in Chinese). [11] DING Z Y, MA Z B, LI W Q, et al. Study on microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-based alloy powder cladding layer[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2019, 48(18): 100-102(in Chin-ese). [12] TAN J H, SUN R L, NIU W, et al. Research status of TC4 alloy laser cladding materials[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(15): 15132-15137(in Chinese). [13] YI J, PENG R Sh. Microstructure and wear resistance of laser alloying coating on TC4 titanium alloy surface[J]. Heat Treatment Of Metals, 2020, 45(2): 225-230(in Chinese). [14] ZHANG D Q, LIU X D, ZHANG W B. Experimental study on laser cladding of TC4 alloy[J/OL]. [2021-03-22]. https://doi.org/10.14158/j.cnki.1001-3814.20152462(in Chinese). [15] LIU D, CHEN Z Y, CHEN K P, et al. Microstructure and wear resistance of laser clad composite coating on TC4 titanium alloy surface[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(3): 58-62(in Chinese). [16] XIA S H, WU M P, MA Y Q, et al. Effect of TiC content on microstructure and properties of laser clad layer on TC4 alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(6): 212-215(in Chinese). [17] ZHAN J M, LIANG Zh G, HUANG J Y, et al. Study on the single laser cladding process on TC4 titanium alloy surface[J]. Applied Laser, 2020, 40(6): 955-961(in Chinese). [18] YOU Ch Ch, XIAO H Q, REN L R, et al. Microstructure and pro-perties of laser cladding Ti-Al-N composite coating on TC4 surface[J]. Laser Technology, 2021, 45(5): 585-589(in Chinese). [19] XIE L Y, WU T, GONG M M, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental study on temperature field of single channel laser cladding[J]. Laser Technology, 2022, 46(2): 226-232(in Chinese). [20] YU T B, HAN J B, QIAO R Zh, et al. The influence of process parameters on coating performance of Ni based and Fe based cladding layer[J]. Laser & Infrared, 2019, 49(7): 801-807(in Chinese).