Effect of temperature on the dynamic evolution of Gaussian beam in biased photovoltaic-photorefractive crystal

In order to obtain the effect of temperature on the dynamical evolution of Gaussian beam in biased photovoltaic-photorefractive crystal, the dynamical evolution of Gaussian beam in biased photovoltaic photorefractive crystal at different temperatures was investigated by taking into account the temperature dependence of dark irradiation. Taking the Gaussian beam as the input wave, the beam propagation equation was solved numerically. A matched Gaussian beam can evolve into a stable screening-photovoltaic bright soliton at temperature of 300K, whereas it will become unstable or diverge when the temperature change is large enough. Under mismatch conditions, an unstable Gaussian beam can evolve into stable screening-photovoltaic bright solitons by adjusting the crystal temperature. The result indicate that the change of the evolution of a Gaussian beam in photovoltaic-photorefractive crystal controlled by the increases or decreases of the temperature can be applied in thermo-control optical devices.