Analysis of high-power disk laser welding status based on multi-feature fusion

In order to monitor high-power laser welding status in real time, the method based on multi-feature fusion was put forward to predict the weld formation. Choosing the welding of 304 austenitic stainless steel plates by high power disk laser as the experimental target, the spectral distribution of laser welding was obtained by a spectrometer. A high-speed camera in ultraviolet band and visible light band was applied to capture the metal vapor visual images. Comprehensive analysis and experimental verification were conducted on the relationship between characteristic parameters and welding status. Back propagation neural network model was set up with characteristic parameters to predict the weld formation, and the average values of relative errors of weld width and penetration are 0.18mm and 0.72mm. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reflect the state change of weld width and penetration accurately and is helpful for monitoring high-power disk laser welding process in real time.