Factors affecting fluorescent efficiency of frequency up-conversion of rare-earth

ZHANG Xiang-yu; GAO Dang-li; LI Lin; MAO Duo-lu; LI Hai-qin; MA Yuan-liang; LI Zhong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3806.2010.06.036

Volume 34 Issue 6

Mar. 2011

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Factors affecting fluorescent efficiency of frequency up-conversion of rare-earth

1.
Department of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;
2.
Department of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China

Received Date: 2009-11-02
Accepted Date: 2010-03-30

Abstract

Up-conversion fluorescent mechanisms were briefly introduced.The methods of improving frequency up-conversion efficiency of rare-earth doped luminescent materials,mainly including changing the substrate phonon distribution, adding the sensitizer,changing the ratio of substrate materials components,and application of new technology,such as surface enhanced fluorescence,pumping methods,new materials synthesis and so on,were reviewed in detail.Furthermore,the research trends of up-conversion luminescent materials in the future were prospected in combination with fluorescence enhancement mechanisms.
- materials,
- rare-earth ions,
- luminescent materials,
- up-conversion efficiency,
- research trend

References

[1]	WANG F,LIU X G.Recent advances in the chemistry of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanocrystals[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2009,38:976-989.
[2]	XU S Y,GE W P,WANG L,et al.Experimental research of the sensitization effect of Eu3+,Sm3+,Tb3+ and TTFA polymers[J].Laser Technology,2008,32(6):579-581(in Chinese).
[3]	BLASSE G,GRABMAIER B C.Luminescent materials[M].Berlin:Springer,1994:195-203.
[4]	AUZAL F.Materials and devices using double-pumped phosphorus with energy transfer[J].Proc IEEE,1973,61(6):758-786.
[5]	BJURSHAGEN S,EVEKULL D,KOCH R.Generation of blue light at 469nm by efficient frequency doubling of diode pumped Nd: YAG laser[J].Electron Lett,2002,38(7):324-325.
[6]	CHEN X B,NIE Y X,DU W M,et al.The comparison investigation of direct upconversion sensitization luminescence between Er/Yb: oxyfluoride glass and vitroceramics[J].Opt Commun,2000,184(1/4):289-304.
[7]	KAMINSKII A A.Crystalline laser:physical processes and operating schemes[M].Boca Raton:CRC,1996:307-311.
[8]	KISHIMOTO S,HIRAO K.Intense ultraviolet and blue upconversion fluorescence in Tm3+-doped fluoroindate glasses[J].J A P,1996,80(4):1965-1969.
[9]	GAO D L,ZHANG X Y,ZHANG Z L,et al.Improvement on the up-conversion florescence emission in Tm3+ doped optical materials by adjusting photon distribution[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(9):6108-6112(in Chinese).
[10]	RAKOV N,MACIEL G S,SUNDHEIMER M L,et al.Blue upconversion enhancement by a factor of 200 in Tm3+-doped tellurite glass by codoping with Nd3+ ions[J].J A P,2002,92(10):6337-6339.
[11]	MAO Y L,LIN B C,FENG S Y,et al.The spectroscopic property of erbium ytterbium co-doped alumina material prepared by sol-gel process[J].Laser Technology,2007,31(6):600-602(in Chinese).
[12]	SANDROCK T,SCHEIFE H,HEUMANN E,et al.High-power continuous-wave upconversion fiber laser at room temperature[J].Opt Lett,1997,22(11):808-810.
[13]	BANG J,YANG H,HOLLOWAY P H.Enhanced luminescence of SiO2:Eu3+ by energy transfer from ZnO nanoparticles[J].J Chem Phys,2005,123(8):084709/1-084709/5.
[14]	REISFELD R,GAFT M,SARIDAROV T,et al.Nanoparticles of cadmium sulfide with europium and terbium in zirconia films having intensified luminescence[J].Materials Letters,2000,45(3/4):154-156.
[15]	LIN Q F,XIA H P,WANG J H,et al.Effect of Ga2O3 on the spectroscopic properties of Tm3+-doped GeO2-Ga2O3-Li2O-BaO-La2O3 glasses[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2008,57(4):2554-2561(in Chinese).
[16]	KUMAR G M,RAO D N,AGARWAL G S.Measurement of local field effects of the host on the lifetimes of embedded emitters[J].Phys Rev Lett,2003,91(20):203903/1-203903/4.
[17]	LAKOWICZ J R.Radiative decay engineering:biophysical and biomedical applications[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2001,298(1):1-24.
[18]	WANG Y H,ZHOU J,WANG T.Enhanced luminescence from europium complex owing to surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles[J].Materials Letters,2008,62(12/13):1937-1940.
[19]	JUMPEI U,SETSUHISA T,AKITO I.Surface plasmon excited infrared-to-visible upconversion in Er3+-doped transparent glass ceramics[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2009,355(37/42):1912-1915.
[20]	AISAKA T,FUJII M,HAYASHI S.Enhancement of upconversion luminescence of Er doped Al2O3 films by Ag island films[J].A P L,2008,92(13):132105/1-132105/3.
[21]	LOUIS C,ROUX S,LEDOUX G,et al.Gold nano-antennas for increasing luminescence[J].Advanced Materials,2004,16(22/23):2163-2166.
[22]	ZHENG H R,GAO D L,ZHANG X Y,et al.Fluorescence characteristics of Tm3+ in different local environments[J].J A P,2008,104(1):013506/1-013506/4.
[23]	HUANG S H,LAI S T,LOU L R,et al.Upconversion in LaF3: Tm3+[J].Phys Rev,1981,B24(1):59-63.
[24]	SERGEYEV S,KHOPTYAR D,JASKORZYNSKA B.Upconversion and migration in erbium-doped silica waveguides in the continuous-wave excitation switch-off regime[J].Phys Rev,2002,B65(23):233104/1-233104/4.
[25]	FU Z X,ZHENG H R,LEI Y,et al.Investigation of radiative and nonradiative relaxation by two-photon resonant excitation in Tm3+ doped LaF3 particles[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2010,10(3):2238-2242.
[26]	KRAMER K W,GUDEL H U.Infrared-to-visible upconversion in LaCl3: 1%Er3+ energy-level and line-strength calculations[J].Phys Rev,1997,B56(21):13830-13840.
[27]	HEUMANN E,BAR S,RADEMAKER K,et al.Semiconductor-laser-pumped high-power upconversion laser[J].A P L,2006,88(6):061108/1-061108/3.
[28]	WANG Y,OHWAKI J.New transparent vitroceramics codoped with Er3+ and Yb3+ for efficient frequency upconversion[J].A P L,1993,63(24):3268-3270.
[29]	CHEN D Q,WANG Y S.Near-infrared quantum cutting of nano-structure transparent glass-ceramic[J].Laser Optoelectronics Progress,2009(2):35(in Chinese).
[30]	JIA C J,SUN L D,LUO F,et al.Structural transformation induced improved luminescent properties for LaVO4: Eu nanocrystals[J].A P L,2004,84(26):5305-5307.
[31]	GAO D L,ZHENG H R,TIAN Y,et al.Spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ and Ln3+ (Ln3+=Yb3+,Er3+,Pr3+,Ho3+,Eu3+) co-doped fluoride nanocrystals[J].Science in China Series,2010,G40(3):287-295(in Chinese).
[32]	YU X F,CHEN L D,LI M,et al.Highly efficient fluorescence of NdF3/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles and the applications for in vivo NIR detection[J].Advanced Materials,2008,20:4118-4123.
[33]	HEER S,WERMUTH M,KRAMER K,et al.Upconversion excitation of Cr3+2E emission in Y3Ga5O12 codoped with Cr3+ and Yb3+[J].Chemical Physics Letters,2001,334(4/6):293-297.
[34]	VALIENTE R,WENGER O S,GUDEL H U.Near-infrared-to-visible photon upconversion process induced by exchange interactions in Yb3+-doped RbMnCl3[J].Phys Rev,2001,B63(16):165102-165112.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Factors affecting fluorescent efficiency of frequency up-conversion of rare-earth

1. Department of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;

2. Department of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China

Received Date: 2009-11-02

Accepted Date: 2010-03-30

Available Online: 2010-11-25

Abstract: Up-conversion fluorescent mechanisms were briefly introduced.The methods of improving frequency up-conversion efficiency of rare-earth doped luminescent materials,mainly including changing the substrate phonon distribution, adding the sensitizer,changing the ratio of substrate materials components,and application of new technology,such as surface enhanced fluorescence,pumping methods,new materials synthesis and so on,were reviewed in detail.Furthermore,the research trends of up-conversion luminescent materials in the future were prospected in combination with fluorescence enhancement mechanisms.

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Reference (34)

[1]	WANG F,LIU X G.Recent advances in the chemistry of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanocrystals[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2009,38:976-989.
[2]	XU S Y,GE W P,WANG L,et al.Experimental research of the sensitization effect of Eu3+,Sm3+,Tb3+ and TTFA polymers[J].Laser Technology,2008,32(6):579-581(in Chinese).
[3]	BLASSE G,GRABMAIER B C.Luminescent materials[M].Berlin:Springer,1994:195-203.
[4]	AUZAL F.Materials and devices using double-pumped phosphorus with energy transfer[J].Proc IEEE,1973,61(6):758-786.
[5]	BJURSHAGEN S,EVEKULL D,KOCH R.Generation of blue light at 469nm by efficient frequency doubling of diode pumped Nd: YAG laser[J].Electron Lett,2002,38(7):324-325.
[6]	CHEN X B,NIE Y X,DU W M,et al.The comparison investigation of direct upconversion sensitization luminescence between Er/Yb: oxyfluoride glass and vitroceramics[J].Opt Commun,2000,184(1/4):289-304.
[7]	KAMINSKII A A.Crystalline laser:physical processes and operating schemes[M].Boca Raton:CRC,1996:307-311.
[8]	KISHIMOTO S,HIRAO K.Intense ultraviolet and blue upconversion fluorescence in Tm3+-doped fluoroindate glasses[J].J A P,1996,80(4):1965-1969.
[9]	GAO D L,ZHANG X Y,ZHANG Z L,et al.Improvement on the up-conversion florescence emission in Tm3+ doped optical materials by adjusting photon distribution[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(9):6108-6112(in Chinese).
[10]	RAKOV N,MACIEL G S,SUNDHEIMER M L,et al.Blue upconversion enhancement by a factor of 200 in Tm3+-doped tellurite glass by codoping with Nd3+ ions[J].J A P,2002,92(10):6337-6339.
[11]	MAO Y L,LIN B C,FENG S Y,et al.The spectroscopic property of erbium ytterbium co-doped alumina material prepared by sol-gel process[J].Laser Technology,2007,31(6):600-602(in Chinese).
[12]	SANDROCK T,SCHEIFE H,HEUMANN E,et al.High-power continuous-wave upconversion fiber laser at room temperature[J].Opt Lett,1997,22(11):808-810.
[13]	BANG J,YANG H,HOLLOWAY P H.Enhanced luminescence of SiO2:Eu3+ by energy transfer from ZnO nanoparticles[J].J Chem Phys,2005,123(8):084709/1-084709/5.
[14]	REISFELD R,GAFT M,SARIDAROV T,et al.Nanoparticles of cadmium sulfide with europium and terbium in zirconia films having intensified luminescence[J].Materials Letters,2000,45(3/4):154-156.
[15]	LIN Q F,XIA H P,WANG J H,et al.Effect of Ga2O3 on the spectroscopic properties of Tm3+-doped GeO2-Ga2O3-Li2O-BaO-La2O3 glasses[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2008,57(4):2554-2561(in Chinese).
[16]	KUMAR G M,RAO D N,AGARWAL G S.Measurement of local field effects of the host on the lifetimes of embedded emitters[J].Phys Rev Lett,2003,91(20):203903/1-203903/4.
[17]	LAKOWICZ J R.Radiative decay engineering:biophysical and biomedical applications[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2001,298(1):1-24.
[18]	WANG Y H,ZHOU J,WANG T.Enhanced luminescence from europium complex owing to surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles[J].Materials Letters,2008,62(12/13):1937-1940.
[19]	JUMPEI U,SETSUHISA T,AKITO I.Surface plasmon excited infrared-to-visible upconversion in Er3+-doped transparent glass ceramics[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2009,355(37/42):1912-1915.
[20]	AISAKA T,FUJII M,HAYASHI S.Enhancement of upconversion luminescence of Er doped Al2O3 films by Ag island films[J].A P L,2008,92(13):132105/1-132105/3.
[21]	LOUIS C,ROUX S,LEDOUX G,et al.Gold nano-antennas for increasing luminescence[J].Advanced Materials,2004,16(22/23):2163-2166.
[22]	ZHENG H R,GAO D L,ZHANG X Y,et al.Fluorescence characteristics of Tm3+ in different local environments[J].J A P,2008,104(1):013506/1-013506/4.
[23]	HUANG S H,LAI S T,LOU L R,et al.Upconversion in LaF3: Tm3+[J].Phys Rev,1981,B24(1):59-63.
[24]	SERGEYEV S,KHOPTYAR D,JASKORZYNSKA B.Upconversion and migration in erbium-doped silica waveguides in the continuous-wave excitation switch-off regime[J].Phys Rev,2002,B65(23):233104/1-233104/4.
[25]	FU Z X,ZHENG H R,LEI Y,et al.Investigation of radiative and nonradiative relaxation by two-photon resonant excitation in Tm3+ doped LaF3 particles[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2010,10(3):2238-2242.
[26]	KRAMER K W,GUDEL H U.Infrared-to-visible upconversion in LaCl3: 1%Er3+ energy-level and line-strength calculations[J].Phys Rev,1997,B56(21):13830-13840.
[27]	HEUMANN E,BAR S,RADEMAKER K,et al.Semiconductor-laser-pumped high-power upconversion laser[J].A P L,2006,88(6):061108/1-061108/3.
[28]	WANG Y,OHWAKI J.New transparent vitroceramics codoped with Er3+ and Yb3+ for efficient frequency upconversion[J].A P L,1993,63(24):3268-3270.
[29]	CHEN D Q,WANG Y S.Near-infrared quantum cutting of nano-structure transparent glass-ceramic[J].Laser Optoelectronics Progress,2009(2):35(in Chinese).
[30]	JIA C J,SUN L D,LUO F,et al.Structural transformation induced improved luminescent properties for LaVO4: Eu nanocrystals[J].A P L,2004,84(26):5305-5307.
[31]	GAO D L,ZHENG H R,TIAN Y,et al.Spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ and Ln3+ (Ln3+=Yb3+,Er3+,Pr3+,Ho3+,Eu3+) co-doped fluoride nanocrystals[J].Science in China Series,2010,G40(3):287-295(in Chinese).
[32]	YU X F,CHEN L D,LI M,et al.Highly efficient fluorescence of NdF3/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles and the applications for in vivo NIR detection[J].Advanced Materials,2008,20:4118-4123.
[33]	HEER S,WERMUTH M,KRAMER K,et al.Upconversion excitation of Cr3+2E emission in Y3Ga5O12 codoped with Cr3+ and Yb3+[J].Chemical Physics Letters,2001,334(4/6):293-297.
[34]	VALIENTE R,WENGER O S,GUDEL H U.Near-infrared-to-visible photon upconversion process induced by exchange interactions in Yb3+-doped RbMnCl3[J].Phys Rev,2001,B63(16):165102-165112.

Factors affecting fluorescent efficiency of frequency up-conversion of rare-earth

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Factors affecting fluorescent efficiency of frequency up-conversion of rare-earth

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