Research of data processing systems for infrared imaging spectrometer based on FPGA
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摘要: 目标实时探测是红外成像光谱系统的重要研究方向之一。为了同时保障系统数据处理速度与光谱复现精度, 研究了一种高速光谱反演系统。该系统由现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片实现, 对干涉条纹图像进行非均匀性校正、加窗切趾, 从而抑制干涉条纹数据中的直流噪声及杂散噪声; 再经快速傅里叶变换、相位校正、光谱标定最终获得光谱分布。结果表明, 本算法对杂散噪声具有很好的抑制效果, 非均匀性系数由11.23%降低至1.05%;对光谱的反演实验中本系统获得的光谱分布形态与MATLAB结果基本一致, 且在光谱细节部分的准确度更好一些; 系统采用流水线工作方式缩短了数据处理周期, 并且基于FPGA芯片的开发模块具有更强的兼容性。该系统具有处理速度快、体积小、稳定性高、兼容性强等优点, 在红外目标实时探测领域具有很好的应用前景。Abstract: Real-time target detection is one of the important research directions of infrared imaging spectral systems. In order to guarantee the data processing speed and spectral reproducing accuracy of the system at the same time, a high-speed spectral inversion system was studied. The system was implemented by a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. Non-uniformity correction and windowed toe-cutting were applied to the interference fringe image to suppress the direct current noise and spurious noise in interference fringe data. Then spectral distribution was obtained after fast Fourier transform, phase correction and spectrum calibration. The results show that the algorithm has a good suppression effect on spurious noise. Coefficient of inhomogeneity decreases from 11.23% to 1.05%. In the experiment of spectral inversion, the spectral distribution obtained by this system is basically consistent with that obtained by MATLAB. The accuracy of spectral details is better. The system uses pipeline mode to shorten the data processing cycle. And the development module based on FPGA chip has better compatibility. The system has the advantages of fast processing speed, small volume, high stability and good compatibility. It has good application prospect in the field of infrared target real-time detection.
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Figure 4. Comparison of interference fringe image with non-uniformity and with correction
a—non-uniform interference fringe image b—the corrected interfe-rence fringe image
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Figure 5. Simulation comparison of interference fringes
a—the uncorrected interference fringes b—the corrected interference fringes
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