Microstructure and properties of laser deposition coating assisted by magnetic field
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摘要: 为了改善激光沉积过程中，涂层出现气孔、裂纹与基材结合不良等缺陷，采用旋转磁场辅助激光沉积的方法，在304奥氏体不锈钢制备了Fe106+镍包碳化钨（质量分数为0.05）复合涂层。借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、激光共聚焦扫描显微镜等表征手段进行了组织结构和物相分析，通过硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机对其耐磨性进行测定。结果表明，旋转磁场可以抑制熔池流动，促进了涂层组织细晶强化和匀质效应；磁场强度为70mT时涂层显微硬度是无磁场涂层的1.16倍；相同的磨损条件下，磁场强度为70mT的涂层比无磁场涂层失重降低了64.2%，耐磨性得到明显改善。利用磁场辅助激光沉积对改善激光沉积缺陷是有帮助的。Abstract: In order to improve coating defects such as porosity, crack and poor bonding with substrate during laser deposition, Fe106+nickel-coated tungsten carbide (mass fraction of 0.05) composite coating was prepared on 304 austenitic stainless steel by the method of laser deposition assisted by rotating magnetic field.The microstructures and phase composition of the coating were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and confocal laser scanning microscope.The wear resistance of the coating was studied by means of hardness tester and friction wear tester.The results indicate that the rotating magnetic field can inhibit the flow of molten pool and promote the fine grain strengthening and homogenization of the coating microstructure.The microhardness of the coating with magnetic field strength of 70mT is 1.16 times that without magnetic field strength.Under the same wear condition, the weight loss of the coating with magnetic field strength of 70mT is 64.2% lower than that of the coating without magnetic field.The wear resistance is obviously improved.laser deposition assisted by magnetic field is helpful to improve laser deposition defects.
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Keywords:
- laser technique /
- laser deposition /
- magnetic field assistance /
- microstructure /
- wear resistance
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Figure 4. Macrograph of laser deposition layer under different magnetic field conditions
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Figure 5. Laser confocal morphologies of laser deposition samples
a—0mT b—26mT c—45mT d—70mT
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Figure 6. Metallographic graph of cross section of coating without magnetic field condition
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Figure 7. Microstructure diagram of cross section of coating under different magnetic field strengthes
a—26mT, 500r/min b—45mT, 500r/min c—70mT, 500r/min
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Figure 8. Microstructural diagram of SEM of laser deposition coating without magnetic auxiliary
a—0mT upper coating b—0mT lower middle coating
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Figure 9. Microstructural diagram of SEM of laser deposition coating without magnetic auxiliary
a—70mT upper coating b—70mT lower middle coating
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Figure 11. Phase analysis of XRD material with different magnetic field strengthes at the same rotational speed
Table 1 Chemical composition (mass fraction) of the substrate material
C Si Mn Cr Ni S P N Fe ≤0.0008 ≤0.010 ≤0.010 0.180 0.080 ≤0.0003 ≤0.00035 ≤0.001 balance 
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Table 2 Element composition (mass fraction) of Fe106 powder
C Si Mn B Cr Ni Mo W V Fe 0.006 0.0075 0.002 0.006 0.096 0.008 0.030 0.030 0.010 balance
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Table 3 Surface roughness of laser deposition layer under different magnetic field conditions
magnetic field
condition/mT0 26 45 70 surface roughness/μm 8.625 6.708 6.059 4.955
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Table 4 Average hardness of cross section of laser deposition layer(Vickers hardness)
0mT 26mT 45mT 70mT speed
500r/minaverage
hardness/HV700 762 805 815
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