Abstract: The basic configuration and principle of Tm3+-doped fiber laser were introduced.The latest reseach progresses of Tm3+-doped fiber lasers pumped by various pump sources,such as LD,Nd:YAG laser,Yb3+-doped fiber lasers and Er3+-doped fiber lasers,were reviewed and analysed in detail.Output characteristics of lasers could be improved through improving cross relaxation rate,minimising energy transfer upconversion and addressing thermal management issues.Some potential applications in the biomedical field was also presented.