Abstract: Raman amplification can realize the distributed amplification of optical signals in optical fiber links, and has excellent amplification performance in terms of high gain and low noise, which is one of the key technologies in long-distance optical fiber communication systems. In recent years, in order to further extend the optical signal transmission distance based on Raman amplification, to reduce the relative intensity noise transfer via Raman amplification, to optimize and predict the performance parameters of Raman amplification system such as gain value, gain bandwidth and flatness, etc., a variety of novel fiber distributed Raman amplification technologies have been developed and applied. The research progress on the novel fiber distributed Raman amplification technology in recent years are reviewed, including high order distributed Raman amplification technology based on ultra-long distance fiber laser, low noise Raman amplification technology based on broadband incoherent pump source and intelligent distributed Raman amplification technology based on machine learning, which can sort out the development trends and improvement directions of fiber optic distributed Raman amplification technology.