Abstract: In order to investigate output power balance mechanism of Nd:YVO₄ microchip dual-frequency lasers (DFL), the relationships among pump current, operating temperature and dual-mode wavelengths of microchip lasers were analyzed by means of experiments. With the increase of pump current of DFL, the balance of DFL power was re-achieved by lowering the temperature of laser crystal. Finally, the power-balanced temperature of DFL with different pump currents and the relationship between dual-frequency power product and pump current of DFL were obtained. The result shows that, the power-balanced temperature of DFL signal is negatively correlated with pump current sectionally, and dual frequency power product is positively correlated with pump current. It indicated that, power-balanced power-adjustable dual-frequency laser signal output can be achieved by changing pump current and controlling temperature.