Abstract: In order to realize the work of X-ray imaging system and testify the performance of the imaging system, the backlighting imaging system was studied by ray tracing simulation software SHADOW. By the simulation of system parameters(detection position, the size of backlighting source), the results show that the position of detection has a little influence on the relative magnification of the system. The spatial resolution of the X-ray imaging system is higher with the decrease of the size of backlighting source. The imaging system based on spherically bent crystal has high spatial resolution and better performance.