Progress of the study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere

GE Xiao-lu; FENG Xiao-xing; FAN Cheng-yu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-806.2012.04.012

Volume 36 Issue 4

Apr. 2013

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Progress of the study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere

1.
School of Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China;
2.
Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Composition and Optical Radiation, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

Received Date: 2011-11-22
Accepted Date: 2011-11-28

Abstract

With laser beam propagating over a long distance through even weak atmospheric turbulence,significant turbulence effect might happen so that a continuous phase function does not exist in general owing to the presence of branch points in phase.Branch points could induce degradation of the performance of a standard adaptive optics system when it is used to compensate atmospheric turbulence.The generation and development,the optical properties and topological characteristics of branch points in the atmosphere were introduced.The study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere was reviewed so as to provide a reference for further study of laser propagation through atmosphere and adaptive optics system.
- atmospheric and ocean optics,
- adaptive optics,
- discontinuous phase,
- laser propagation,
- atmospheric turbulence

References

[1]	le BIGOT E O,WILD W J,KIBBLEWHITE E J.Reconstruction of discontinuous light-phase functions[J].Optics Letters,1998,23(1):10-12.
[2]	NYE J F,BERRY M V.Dislocations in wave trains[J].Procesdings of the Royal Society,1974,A336:165-190.
[3]	FREUND I,SHVARTSMAN N.Wave-field phase singulartties:the sign principle[J].Physics Review,1994,AS0(6):5164-5172.
[4]	WRIGHT F J.Wavefront dislocations and their analysis using catastrophe theory,structural stability in physics[M].Berlin:Springer,1979:141-147.
[5]	NYE J F.The motion and structure of dislocations in wavefronts[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society,1981,A378:219-239.
[6]	BERRY M.Singularities in wave and rays,physics of defects[M].Amsterdam,Holland:North-Holland Publishing Company,1981:456-541.
[7]	FRIED D L,VAUGHN J L.Branch cuts in the phase function[J].Applied Optics,1992,31 (15):2865-2882.
[8]	VOITSEKHOVICH V V,KOUZNETSOV D,MOROZOV D K.Density of turbulence-induced phase dislocations[J].Applied Optics,1998,37(21):4525-4535.
[9]	FAN Ch Y.The study of phaes discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere and correction[D].Hefei:Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Acsdemy of Sciences,2003:46-56(in Chinese).
[10]	YUAN K E,ZHU W Y,RAO R Zh.Density of phase branch points for a light wave propagation in atmospheric turbulence[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2009,38(2):410-413(in Chinese).
[11]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J.Numerical computation of the character of branch points' temporal and spatial variation in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2006,18(7):1066-1070(in Chinese).
[12]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y.Relationship between the number of branch points and the characteristic parameters of turbulence effect[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics,2007,2(1):28-31 (in Chinese).
[13]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J.Numerical computation of branch points number's behavior with turbulence strength in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].Acta Optics Sinica,2008,28(1):1-6 (in Chinese).
[14]	RAO R Zh.Statistics of the fractal structurs and phase singularity of a plane light wave propagation in atmospheric turbulence[J].Applied Optics,2008,47(2):269-276.
[15]	RAO R Zh.Optical vortices and its propagation in the atmosphere[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2009,38(4):609-615 (in Chinese).
[16]	FRIED D L.Branch point problem in adaptive optics[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,1998,A15(10):2759-2768.
[17]	LI Y K.Branch point effect on adaptive correction[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2004,5490:1064-1070.
[18]	ROGGEMANN M C,KOIVUNEN A C.Bnrach-point reconstruction in laser beam projection through turbulence with finite-degree-freedom phase-only wave-front correction[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,2000,A17 (1):53-62.
[19]	ROGGEMANN M C,KOIVUNEN A C.Wave-front sensing and deformable-mirror control in strong scintillation[J].Journal of the Optical Snsiety of America,2000,Al7(5):911-919.
[20]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Effect of branch points on adaptive optics[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2003,15(5):435-438(in Chinese).
[21]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Compensation of adaptive optics for different wavelength of beacon in strong scintillation[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2003,23 (11):1489-1492(in Chinese).
[22]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Effects of different beacom wavelengths on atmospheric compensation in strong scintillation[J].Applied Optics,2004,43 (22):4334-4338.
[23]	GHIGLIA D C,PBITT M D.Two-dimensional phase unwrapping:theory,algorithms and software[M].New York,USA:Wiley Interscience,1998:121-130.
[24]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Detection of branch-point in light phase[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2001,21 (11):1388-1391 (in Chinese).
[25]	TYLER G A.Reconstruction and assessment of the least-squares and slope discrepancy component of the phase[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,2000,A17 (10):1828-1839.
[26]	AKSENOV V,TIKHOMIROVA O.Theory of singular phase neconstruction in speckle-field[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2001,4167:130-137.
[27]	BANAKH V A,FALITS A V.Comparison of phase reconstruction algorithms when branch points are present[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2003,4883:258-264.
[28]	PRINNERMAN C A,PRIVET R,HUMPHREYS R A,et al,Atmospheric-compensation expetiments in strong-scintillation conditions[J].Applied Optics,1995,34(12):2081-2088.
[29]	HE L P,WANG Y J,FAN Ch Y.Measurement of the phase distortion for a laser heam propagating through the atmosphere hy a lateral shear interferometer[J].Chinese Journal of Quantum Flectronics,2001,18 (sl):92-96 (in Chinese).
[30]	CHENG D J,FAN Ch Y,QIAO Ch H,et al.Detection of branchpoint in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics,2008,3(4):241-249(in Chinese).

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Progress of the study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere

1. School of Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China;

2. Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Composition and Optical Radiation, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

Received Date: 2011-11-22

Accepted Date: 2011-11-28

Available Online: 2012-07-25

Abstract: With laser beam propagating over a long distance through even weak atmospheric turbulence,significant turbulence effect might happen so that a continuous phase function does not exist in general owing to the presence of branch points in phase.Branch points could induce degradation of the performance of a standard adaptive optics system when it is used to compensate atmospheric turbulence.The generation and development,the optical properties and topological characteristics of branch points in the atmosphere were introduced.The study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere was reviewed so as to provide a reference for further study of laser propagation through atmosphere and adaptive optics system.

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Reference (30)

[1]	le BIGOT E O,WILD W J,KIBBLEWHITE E J.Reconstruction of discontinuous light-phase functions[J].Optics Letters,1998,23(1):10-12.
[2]	NYE J F,BERRY M V.Dislocations in wave trains[J].Procesdings of the Royal Society,1974,A336:165-190.
[3]	FREUND I,SHVARTSMAN N.Wave-field phase singulartties:the sign principle[J].Physics Review,1994,AS0(6):5164-5172.
[4]	WRIGHT F J.Wavefront dislocations and their analysis using catastrophe theory,structural stability in physics[M].Berlin:Springer,1979:141-147.
[5]	NYE J F.The motion and structure of dislocations in wavefronts[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society,1981,A378:219-239.
[6]	BERRY M.Singularities in wave and rays,physics of defects[M].Amsterdam,Holland:North-Holland Publishing Company,1981:456-541.
[7]	FRIED D L,VAUGHN J L.Branch cuts in the phase function[J].Applied Optics,1992,31 (15):2865-2882.
[8]	VOITSEKHOVICH V V,KOUZNETSOV D,MOROZOV D K.Density of turbulence-induced phase dislocations[J].Applied Optics,1998,37(21):4525-4535.
[9]	FAN Ch Y.The study of phaes discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere and correction[D].Hefei:Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Acsdemy of Sciences,2003:46-56(in Chinese).
[10]	YUAN K E,ZHU W Y,RAO R Zh.Density of phase branch points for a light wave propagation in atmospheric turbulence[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2009,38(2):410-413(in Chinese).
[11]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J.Numerical computation of the character of branch points' temporal and spatial variation in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2006,18(7):1066-1070(in Chinese).
[12]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y.Relationship between the number of branch points and the characteristic parameters of turbulence effect[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics,2007,2(1):28-31 (in Chinese).
[13]	GE X L,FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J.Numerical computation of branch points number's behavior with turbulence strength in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].Acta Optics Sinica,2008,28(1):1-6 (in Chinese).
[14]	RAO R Zh.Statistics of the fractal structurs and phase singularity of a plane light wave propagation in atmospheric turbulence[J].Applied Optics,2008,47(2):269-276.
[15]	RAO R Zh.Optical vortices and its propagation in the atmosphere[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2009,38(4):609-615 (in Chinese).
[16]	FRIED D L.Branch point problem in adaptive optics[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,1998,A15(10):2759-2768.
[17]	LI Y K.Branch point effect on adaptive correction[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2004,5490:1064-1070.
[18]	ROGGEMANN M C,KOIVUNEN A C.Bnrach-point reconstruction in laser beam projection through turbulence with finite-degree-freedom phase-only wave-front correction[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,2000,A17 (1):53-62.
[19]	ROGGEMANN M C,KOIVUNEN A C.Wave-front sensing and deformable-mirror control in strong scintillation[J].Journal of the Optical Snsiety of America,2000,Al7(5):911-919.
[20]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Effect of branch points on adaptive optics[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2003,15(5):435-438(in Chinese).
[21]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Compensation of adaptive optics for different wavelength of beacon in strong scintillation[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2003,23 (11):1489-1492(in Chinese).
[22]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Effects of different beacom wavelengths on atmospheric compensation in strong scintillation[J].Applied Optics,2004,43 (22):4334-4338.
[23]	GHIGLIA D C,PBITT M D.Two-dimensional phase unwrapping:theory,algorithms and software[M].New York,USA:Wiley Interscience,1998:121-130.
[24]	FAN Ch Y,WANG Y J,GONG Zh B.Detection of branch-point in light phase[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2001,21 (11):1388-1391 (in Chinese).
[25]	TYLER G A.Reconstruction and assessment of the least-squares and slope discrepancy component of the phase[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,2000,A17 (10):1828-1839.
[26]	AKSENOV V,TIKHOMIROVA O.Theory of singular phase neconstruction in speckle-field[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2001,4167:130-137.
[27]	BANAKH V A,FALITS A V.Comparison of phase reconstruction algorithms when branch points are present[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2003,4883:258-264.
[28]	PRINNERMAN C A,PRIVET R,HUMPHREYS R A,et al,Atmospheric-compensation expetiments in strong-scintillation conditions[J].Applied Optics,1995,34(12):2081-2088.
[29]	HE L P,WANG Y J,FAN Ch Y.Measurement of the phase distortion for a laser heam propagating through the atmosphere hy a lateral shear interferometer[J].Chinese Journal of Quantum Flectronics,2001,18 (sl):92-96 (in Chinese).
[30]	CHENG D J,FAN Ch Y,QIAO Ch H,et al.Detection of branchpoint in laser propagation through atmosphere[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics,2008,3(4):241-249(in Chinese).

Progress of the study of phase discontinuity of laser propagation through atmosphere

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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